## Main.BeamColumn History

June 10, 2021, at 06:08 AM by 136.36.4.38 -

Determine the optimal solution and show the solution graphically on a contour plot that shows the constraints and weight objective function versus the design variables (beam width and beam depth).

Changed lines 84-86 from:
  Optimal Axial Buckling Load: 110.34553341

to:
  Optimal Axial Buckling Load: 110.34553341


Show solution graphically similar to the Two Bar Truss design optimization.

June 10, 2021, at 06:06 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 19 from:

where \ell is the length of the beam (50 in) and I_{zz} is the moment of inertia. The load where axial buckling starts is

to:

where the length l of the beam is 50 in and I_{zz} is the moment of inertia. The load where axial buckling starts is

June 10, 2021, at 06:04 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 7 from:

Design the beam column to be minimum weight while staying within the limits of material yield strength and buckling load. Assume that the beam can only bend in the horizontal (y) and vertical (x) directions and there is no bending in the other horizontal (z) dimension. The beam column is made of steel with a density (specific weight) of 0.3 lbf/in3, a Young's modulus of 30x106 psi, and a yield stress of 3x104 psi. The beam must be at least 0.5 inches wide. The width (w) must be less than twice the depth (d).

to:

Design the beam column to be minimum weight while staying within the limits of material yield strength and buckling load. Assume that the beam can only bend in the horizontal (y) and vertical (x) directions and there is no bending in the other horizontal (z) dimension. The beam column is made of steel with a density (specific weight) of 0.3 lb/in3, a Young's modulus of 30x106 psi, and a yield stress of 3x104 psi. The beam must be at least 0.5 inches wide. The width (w) must be less than twice the depth (d).

June 10, 2021, at 06:04 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 9 from:
to:
June 10, 2021, at 06:04 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 9 from:
to:
June 10, 2021, at 06:03 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 9 from:
to:
June 10, 2021, at 06:03 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 9 from:
to:
June 10, 2021, at 06:03 AM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 17 from:

$$\sigma_x = \frac{P_x \ell d}{2 I_{zz} = \frac{6 P_x \ell}{b \; d^2}$$

to:

$$\sigma_x = \frac{P_x \ell d}{2 I_{zz}} = \frac{6 P_x \ell}{b \; d^2}$$

June 10, 2021, at 06:02 AM by 136.36.4.38 -

(:title Beam Column Design Optimization:) (:keywords design, optimization, yield strength, strain, mechanical, beam:) (:description Design a beam column to carry a horizontal and vertical load, keep stress below the yield strength of steel, and minimize the steel volume to manufacture the beam.:)

Optimize a rectangular beam column to carry an axial (horizontal) load of 25 lb and a transverse (vertical) load of 10 lb.

Design the beam column to be minimum weight while staying within the limits of material yield strength and buckling load. Assume that the beam can only bend in the horizontal (y) and vertical (x) directions and there is no bending in the other horizontal (z) dimension. The beam column is made of steel with a density (specific weight) of 0.3 lbf/in3, a Young's modulus of 30x106 psi, and a yield stress of 3x104 psi. The beam must be at least 0.5 inches wide. The width (w) must be less than twice the depth (d).

Optimize the beam column design to minimize the weight. The compressive stress due to Py is

$$\sigma_y = \frac{P_y}{w\;d}$$

The compressive stress due to Px is

$$\sigma_x = \frac{P_x \ell d}{2 I_{zz} = \frac{6 P_x \ell}{b \; d^2}$$

where \ell is the length of the beam (50 in) and I_{zz} is the moment of inertia. The load where axial buckling starts is

$$P_{y,crit}=\frac{\pi^2 E I_{zz}}{4 \ell^2} = \frac{\pi^2 E b d^3}{48\ell^2}$$

Solution

(:source lang=python:) from gekko import GEKKO from numpy import pi

m = GEKKO(remote=False)

1. Constants

Px = 10 # Transverse load (lb) Py = 25 # Axial load (lb) Ln = 50 # Beam length (in) rho = 0.3 # Material density (lb/in^3) S_y = 30000 # Yield stress (psi) E = 30e6 # Young's modulus

1. Variables

b = m.Var(lb=0.5) # Beam width (in) d = m.Var(lb=1e-3) # Beam depth (in) weight = m.Var(lb=1e-3) # Beam weight (lb)

1. Intermediate calculations

I_zz = b*d**3/12 # Moment of Inertia x_stress = m.Var(ub=S_y) # Compressive stress due to Px y_stress = m.Var(ub=S_y) # Compressive stress due to Py

Py_ab = m.Intermediate(pi**2*E*I_zz/(4*Ln**2))

1. Equations

m.Equations([

        weight == b*d*Ln*rho,
y_stress*(b*d)==Py,
x_stress*(2*I_zz)==Px*Ln*d,
Py_ab >= Py,
b <= 2*d
])

1. Objective

m.Minimize(weight)

1. Solve

m.options.SOLVER = 3 m.solve()

print('Weight: ' + str(weight[0])) print('Depth: ' + str(d[0])) print('Width: ' + str(b[0])) print('Vertical stress: ' + str(x_stress[0])) print('Horizontal stress: ' + str(y_stress[0])) print('Axial Buckling Load: ' + str(Py_ab[0])) (:sourceend:)

The optimal solution is:

  Optimal Weight: 3.354101916
Optimal Depth: 0.44721359774
Optimal Width: 0.5
Optimal Vertical stress: 30000.0
Optimal Horizontal stress: 111.80340055